There are two current ways of applying solfège: 1) fixed do, where the syllables are always tied to specific pitches (e.g. The tonic sol-fa method popularized the seven syllables commonly used in English-speaking countries: do (or doh in tonic sol-fa), re, mi, fa, so(l), la, and ti (or si) (see below). Through the Renaissance (and much later in some shapenote publications) various interlocking 4, 5 and 6-note systems were employed to cover the octave. Syllables are assigned to the notes of the scale and enable the musician to audiate, or mentally hear, the pitches of a piece of music being seen for the first time and then to sing them aloud. Solfège is a form of solmization, though the two terms are sometimes used interchangeably. In music, solfège ( / ˈ s ɒ l f ɛ ʒ/, French: ) or solfeggio ( / s ɒ l ˈ f ɛ dʒ i oʊ/ Italian: ), also called sol-fa, solfa, solfeo, among many names, is a music education method used to teach aural skills, pitch and sight-reading of Western music. Or perhaps they did not realize that the last jump at B would take them to F♯, not F.For similar terms, see Solfeggietto and Solfege (manga). Since the author (or authors) of Intervals and Notation jumped up 4 fifths, what they probably did was start at the A flat (A♭) position on the circle by mistake. Stepping down 6 octaves gives us a value in the desired range. Acccording to the circle of fiths, to get to C from A requires a jump of 9 fifths up. Therefore, Middle C is at a frequency of 278.4375 Hz Raise a fifth to F-immediately-above-middle-C Lower one octave to B-immediately-below-middle-C Raise a fifth to B-almost-an-octave-above-middle-C Raise a fifth to E-more-than-an-octave-above-middle-C The student who wrote the essay above cites a page called Intervals and Notation that claims that C can be generated from A by the following procedure… A-almost-an-octave-above-middle-C is at The order in which this method generates notes is written clockwise around the circumference of a circle thus the name "circle of fifths". Keep repeating this over and over again until you have all twelve notes of the European chromatic scale - the 7 notes corresponding to the letters A through G plus 5 extra notes midway between the original 7 indicated with the addition of a sharp (♯) or flat (♭) symbol. Multiplying and dividing by two changes the octave of the note. If the resulting note is too high, divide it by two. Start with a note you like and multiply it by 3/2. The circle of fifths is a method for generating a musical scale that is often credited to the Classical Greek mathematician Pythagoras. In general, the frequency of middle C is between 256 Hz and 280 Hz.ĭanielle Daly - 2003 Bibliographic Entry In order to find the frequency of a note one octave lower the frequency is halved. The frequency for one trial comes out to be 262 Hz because the frequency of the C one octave higher than middle C in that scale is 524 Hz. Since each scale has a different frequency for middle C, the frequency has also been known as 262 Hz, 256 Hz, and 264 Hz. A different set of ratios and a different fixed pitch will result in a different value for middle C. Scales are built on ratios and fixed notes. For example just intonation, equal temperament, mean tempered, American standard, and international standard. The frequency of middle C turns out to be 278.4375 Hz. Follow the octave going up and down where needed. To find the frequency of a note one octave lower the frequency is halved.įrequency can also go in fifths by using the formula x(3/2) = y where x is the original note and y is the fifth note above the original. To find the frequency of a note an octave higher the frequency is doubled. The middle A, above middle C, has a frequency of 440 Hz. It goes C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C, and continues up and down on a standard musical instrument. In music there is an octave that is made up of eight notes. "The note musicians call Middle C has a frequency of 262Hz." "Some scientific manufacturers once adopted a standard of 256 Hz for middle C, but musicians ignored it." Synthesizers, Music & BroadcastingĬulver, C. "Playing middle C on the piano keyboard produces a sound with a frequency of 256 Hz."
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Turning up the hill to the left one reaches the ‘sunken’ Church of Sveti Spas, with impressive 19 th-century wood carvings, and above it the grand Mosque of Mustafa Pasha. Explore Kale, Skopje’s clifftop fortress built in the 6th century The long-established Museum of Macedonia stands here. Other Ottoman structures here include Kapan An and Kurşumli An, former way-stations for traveling merchants and now art galleries. The Čaršija is home to the city’s historic structures from the Church of Sveti Dimitrija, which contains elegant frescoes, to the Daut Pasha Hamam, a former Ottoman bathhouse and now the National Art Gallery. …nevertheless, for some tourists, the fountains are more exhilaratingīefore entering the Čaršija proper, to the right-hand side you have the Archeological Museum, and to the left, the Museum of the Macedonian Struggle for Statehood and Independence (which documents the unsuccessful fight for independence from the Turks in the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries), the Macedonian Opera and Ballet, and the Holocaust Memorial Center for the Jews from Macedonia, which covers the history of the Sephardic Jewish civilization in this part of the Balkans (some 7,200 Jews were deported to Nazi concentration camps by the occupying Bulgarian army during WWII- only a couple hundred Jews remain today). This side of the river has a larger ethnic Albanian and Turkish population, and you’ll find many traditional gold and silver shops interspersed amidst the antiquarian shops, tea shops and Ottoman attractions. Alexander the Great) and many other historical personages of lesser fame, the square is thronged with cafés, restaurants, shopping centers, fountains, a ceremonial arch and street vendors.Ĭross the Ottoman-era Kameni Most ( Stone Bridge) to enter Skopje’s Old Town (Čaršija), the historic center of public life during the Ottomans’ five-century rule. But as well as the ‘warrior on a horse’ (i.e. The main square radiates with statuary and admiring these works of art is a obvious start when it comes to things to do in Skopje. The city hosts frequent concerts, festivals and events, and by Western European standards is fairly inexpensive. Most of what you’ll want to see and do is within a 10 to 30-minute walking distance, but this small radius contains a great range of history – with remains from Byzantine, Ottoman and Yugoslav times. Skopje is one of Europe’s safest cities, and at less than one million inhabitants is a fairly straightforward deal. Macedonians are incredibly friendly and helpful, and English is spoken widely (especially by younger people). The triumphal Porta Makedonija leads to a square full of statues… But through it all, Macedonians remain remarkably even-keeled, displaying a unique sense of humor in a part of Europe used to such misadventures. Other turbulent events since 2015 have included a political crisis and a wave of migrants passing through from Greece en route to Europe back in 2015. This programme infuriated neighboring Greece, which has a Macedonian province of its own (and has been blocking its northern neighbor since 1992 on membership in clubs like NATO and the EU). In recent years, Skopje has been in the headlines frequently for the former government’s ambitious public works campaign, which overhauled many public buildings with neoclassical facades, erected monuments to national heroes and built new museums, as well as the lesser-discussed, but also significant, improvements made to the public transport infrastructure and the previously bleak city zoo. Skopje’s iconic Ottoman-era Stone Bridge over the River Vardar The Macedonian capital has more than enough sights, sounds and entertainment to fill up your long weekend break – with close proximity to nature getaways in every direction, and quick and easy connections by air, road and rail to European countries. Strung along the River Vardar and marked by cultural monuments old and new, Skopje is a friendly and increasingly visited city in the heart of the Balkans. Malicious artifacts seen in the context of a contacted hostįound malicious artifacts related to "192.30.253.117". ( Show technique in the MITRE ATT&CK™ matrix) "javaw.exe" wrote 4 bytes to a remote process "C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Temp\javactivex_1552911623558.exe" (Handle: 1876) "javaw.exe" wrote 52 bytes to a remote process "C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Temp\javactivex_1552911623558.exe" (Handle: 1876) "ffdec.exe" wrote 4 bytes to a remote process "C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_151\bin\javaw.exe" (Handle: 160) "ffdec.exe" wrote 52 bytes to a remote process "C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_151\bin\javaw.exe" (Handle: 160) "ffdec.exe" wrote 32 bytes to a remote process "C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_151\bin\javaw.exe" (Handle: 160) "ffdec_11.2.0_setup.exe" wrote 4 bytes to a remote process "C:\Program Files\FFDec\ffdec.exe" (Handle: 1564) "ffdec_11.2.0_setup.exe" wrote 52 bytes to a remote process "C:\Program Files\FFDec\ffdec.exe" (Handle: 1564) "ffdec_11.2.0_setup.exe" wrote 32 bytes to a remote process "C:\Program Files\FFDec\ffdec.exe" (Handle: 1564) Reads terminal service related keys (often RDP related)Īdversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information from a target.Īdversaries may collect data stored in the Windows clipboard from users copying information within or between applications. Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. Queries volume information of an entire harddriveĪdversaries may enumerate files and directories or may search in specific locations of a host or network share for certain information within a file system.Īdversaries may attempt to get a listing of services running on remote hosts, including those that may be vulnerable to remote software exploitation.ĭetected increased number of ARP broadcast requests (network device lookup) Reads the registry for installed applicationsĪn adversary may attempt to get detailed information about the operating system and hardware, including version, patches, hotfixes, service packs, and architecture.Īdversaries may attempt to gather information about attached peripheral devices and components connected to a computer system. Queries the internet cache settings (often used to hide footprints in index.dat or internet cache) Reads information about supported languages The system time is set and stored by the Windows Time Service within a domain to maintain time synchronization between systems and services in an enterprise network.Īdversaries may interact with the Windows Registry to gather information about the system, configuration, and installed software. Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.Īllocates virtual memory in a remote processĪdversaries may interact with the Windows Registry to hide configuration information within Registry keys, remove information as part of cleaning up, or as part of other techniques to aid in ] and ].Īdversaries can use methods of capturing user input for obtaining credentials for ] and information ] that include keylogging and user input field interception.Ĭontains ability to retrieve keyboard strokesĪdversaries may attempt to get a listing of open application windows. Opens the Kernel Security Device Driver (KsecDD) of Windows Loadable Kernel Modules (or LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand. Installs hooks/patches the running process Sets a global windows hook to intercept mouse events Windows processes often leverage application programming interface (API) functions to perform tasks that require reusable system resources. Adversaries may execute a binary, command, or script via a method that interacts with Windows services, such as the Service Control Manager. (A point is roughly equivalent to a pixel.) Most software applications let the designer choose a preferred unit of measure picas and points are a standard default. Typography also can be measured in inches, millimeters, or pixels. Twelve points equal one pica, the unit commonly used to measure column widths. The point system, used to measure the height of a letter as well as the space between lines ( leading ), is the standard measurement for type. Height The size of type is usually measured in points, a unit of length in use since 1735. If a typeface were not positioned this way, it would appear to teeter precariously, lacking a sense of physical grounding. Commas and semicolons also cross the baseline. The curves at the bottom of letters such as a or c hang slightly below the baseline. The baseline is the most stable axis along a line of text. The bigger the x-height is in relation to the cap height, the bigger the letters will look. The x-height is the height of the main body of the lowercase letter (or the height of a lowercase x ), excluding its ascenders and descenders. Some vertical elements (ascenders) may extend slightly above the cap height. The cap height is the distance from the top of the capital letter to its bottom. Choose these with caution! Examples: Balloon, Klang, Lithos. This category includes historical, high tech, and just plain wacky styles. Examples: Brush, Zapf Chancery, Commercial Script.ĭisplay / Decorative Typefaces Display fonts are generally used at large sizes and are designed to attract attention. Script Typefaces Script fonts relate to the fluidity of different kinds of handwriting such as calligraphy (think Wedding invitations), roundhand (think cursive, with connected letters), and brush (Think brush painting). (often times typography used for webdesign or public signage will utilize a san-serif typeface for “readaibility”) The lines are characteristically clean and in often are easier to read. Sans-Serif are a more modern typeface and have no embellishment. Serif has decorative embellishments on the ends of character lines. There are two basic groups that typefaces may be classified Notes on typographic anatomy and history Basic Typeface Anatomy Add a glass of Barbaresco, and you’re golden. Location: Portland - Northwest Northwest District Cuisine: Italian Pizza. Everyone still orders the wonderful sugo di carne over penne pasta, hunky shreds of wine-braised beef and earth perfumes. Address: 807 NW 21st Ave., Portland OR 97209. Caffe Mingo is very popular and there are only a few outdoor tables, so youll want to get there early. The food (pastas, salads, fresh mozz and tomatoes, a bistecca) is what it always was: a taste of ’90s-era San Francisco Italian, not spectacular but a solid pleasure comfortable in its own skin. The food is good, especially the pasta dishes. Cameron Winery’s famed (and famously eccentric) owner John Paul is so at home that he merely walks in, grabs a key, and puts his own bottles in the cooler. Mingo is always true to its Mingo-ness: snug wood tables, angular bar, and lots of happy petals from nearby Sammy’s Flowers. Sure, the hour-wait crowds have decamped, but eating at Caffe Mingo remains a vivacious experience. There’s never a whiff of calcified cuisine or desperate gimmicks here. Caffe Mingo Neighborhood Northwest Portland Hours TuesFri 11am1pm TuesSun 510pm Phone 503/226-4646 Prices Main courses 18-32 Cuisine Type Italian. First, the space next door to the well-loved Caffe Mingo became available, and it was impossible to. The Cronan continuum holds lessons for any up-and-coming chef or restaurateur who’d want to listen-especially as Portland’s scene slides into wild inconsistency and “borderless cuisine” confusion. Caffe Mingo / Bar Mingo / 807 NW 21 ST AVE, NORTHWEST 503/2264646 811 NW 21 ST AVE, NORTHWEST 503/4454646 Caffe Mingo has been a popular choice. Bar Mingo was developed for two, actually three reasons. Cafe Mingo Imported Coffee from Guatemala for the love of coffee Carefully selected beans, roasted to perfection Get brewing Our Premium Coffee Blends Whole Bean For extra freshness, enjoy our whole bean coffee. Just look for the guy whose bicep has a Caffe Mingo tattoo, a staff gift for Cronan’s 70th birthday. Or, catch him steps away at Caffe Mingo, which looks like a still-life of a kitchen that cares, with its veal bone paintings, onion crates parked in the dining room, and good Italian wine bottles everywhere. It’s a house of marble tables, living room couches, and lasagna good enough to hang in a museum. Caffe Drif E E Alva Cimarron ladiat Cairo Cumala 47 2 3 46 QUE. His résumé includes the long-gone Delfina’s, the OG ’80s watering hole where Gus Vant Sant and Will Vinton held court and diners wondered at this strange green stuff called “pesto.” Today, with his thick art glasses and retina-searing red watch, Cronan holds forth at his enduring gem Bar Mingo most nights. A Oanica, o Chantilly KEARNEY Beaver Deerfield PD Levant Altaf Mi Mingo Winona. Cronan’s territory is NW 21st Avenue, between Kearney and Lovejoy, where he’s masterminded three Italian-food hangouts of note. 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Use tables to hold the data or pass string parameters formatted as CSV, XML, JSON (or any other convenient format) and then parse the parameters before the INSERT statement. Use the output of the stored procedure as input to an INSERT statement. See the preceding example for a workaround. Use declared table type user-defined parameters. Use INOUT instead of OUT for bidirectional parameters. IN and OUT|OUTPUT, by default OUT can be used as IN as well.Īlthough the functionality of these parameters is the same for SQL Server and MySQL, make sure that you rewrite the code for syntax compliance. Unlike SQL Server, OWNERs can’t be specified and must be explicitly named. IN is the parameter direction for both MySQL and SQL Server.įor stored procedures that use an explicit user name, rewrite the code from EXECUTE AS 'user' to DEFINER = 'user' and SQL SECURITY DEFINER.įor stored procedures that use the CALLER option, rewrite the code to include SQL SECURITY INVOKER.įor stored procedures that use the SELF option, rewrite the code to DEFINER = CURRENT_USER and SQL SECURITY DEFINER. Rewrite stored procedure parameter direction OUTPUT to OUT or INOUT for bidirectional parameters. Add parentheses around the parameter declaration. Rewrite stored procedure parameters to not use the symbol in parameter names. Rewrite stored procedure creation scripts to omit the AS keyword. Rewrite stored procedure creation scripts to use PROCEDURE instead of PROC. The following table summarizes the differences between MySQL Stored Procedures and SQL Server Stored Procedures. SELECT * FROM OrderItems įor the preceding example, the result looks as shown following. 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All of them are doing things the ‘Raglan way’. Come with Meet The Makers on a delicious journey to meet the coolest people in food in Raglan, hear their stories, and taste the special secret ingredient in the food they produce – Raglan. Lastly, invest in really good lighting or make sure that your small bathroom floor plan includes windows along the wall. You need all of the space you can get to make the most out of your small bathroom floor plan. So yes, get that pocket door and install those recessed medicine cabinets. Small bathroom layouts can benefit from prioritizing storage and space-saving. Choose high-quality pieces even if you have a small bathroom, that way, each and every nook and cranny has a purpose. For example, small spaces can benefit from vanity with a sink or with storage that spans the full width of the wall. If you have a small bathroom, it may also be a good idea to explore what fixtures can be used for double duty. Adhering to these rules will make sure that your bathroom layouts are not only space-saving and savvy but safe. First, keep your building codes in mind even though it's “just” a small bathroom. Just like any bathroom design, a small bathroom has a few dos and don'ts. Small Bathroom Floor Plans: What to Remember When You Have a Limited Floor Space Have trouble finding space for a vanity, sink, walk-in shower, and tub? Keep your small bathroom really, really simple. This is best for small bathroom floor plans. Put a Separate Shower in the Cornerįor a small bathroom where you just don't have the square feet for a tub, make do with a shower! Put it up against the bathroom corner to create a wet zone in your small bathroom. This small space uses walls to separate the amenities from each other but you can always use these walls for extra storage space or to put up fixtures and decor. Instead of having awkward corners that you run into, you can even walk right into the shower. Unlike other bathroom layouts, this one features a toilet to your left right when you walk in and you can see the vanity or sink across on the back wall. Small bathroom floor plans can be exciting and this non-typical bathroom layout is proof. Go for double sinks and choose a pretty shower curtain or shower door to really spruce up the space. Instead of adding a freestanding bath into your new bathroom, make the most of your small bathroom floor plan and install a shower cubicle instead. Line up your two sinks or vanity against one wall or the opposite wall to your door for less plumbing work. Instead of having a separate wet room, placing your bathtub and shower cubicle side by side does pretty much the same thing for small bathrooms. Looking for small bathroom layout ideas that prioritize a wet zone? This bathroom layout is for you. You can also choose a pocket door for this small bathroom floor plan to make more space and even put up towel bars. Keep it simple! Put your shower up against the wall opposite to the door and place the toilet and sink on either side. Small Bathrooms Can Be SquareĪnother small bathroom floor plan that we love is specifically for homeowners with a square bathroom design. Both small bathroom layouts have a door that swings open and a sink. Even though they're connected by the same wall, you have the opportunity to switch up the interior design of both of your small bathrooms. You can always create a separate room for your bathtub and another for your toilet. You can install fixtures on the side wall since they won't be distrubed by the door. Not only will you have a larger space but it's pretty unusual for a door to do this. If you're really tight on floor space in your small bathroom, you can make sure that your door isn't an awkward shape that's too small by installing one that swings outwards. Feel free to use a pocket door for a small room and it'd be great if you could have a window to look out of while you have a soak or to let the natural light in. Not only do you have more room to relax but this type of bathroom design gives you more privacy. Put Powder Rooms FirstĪnother clever design for a small bathroom is to create a separate room for your powder room and another for the toilet and tub. This blueprint features a double sink and a swinging door but opts for pocket doors and recessed medicine cabinets if you've got a really tight space. If you have a narrow space, one of our favorite bathroom ideas is to put your bathtub across your shower cubicle. A small bathroom needn't be boring, here's our guide! Make the Most of Your Limited Floor Space: Small Bathroom Layout Ideas Put the Tub Across the Room However, we've put together the best small bathroom layout ideas that prove that you can still choose a bathroom design despite the small space. When you have a small bathroom, it may be hard to find inspiration or small bathroom floor plans that suit your taste. In the comments above, Robert Crovella also pointed to a GTC 2015 talk by Scott LeGrand, which I haven't had time to check out yet.Īs for accuracy, double-float has a representational precision of 49 (24+24+1) bits, compared with IEEE-755 double which provides 53 bits. I gave a brief overview of easily available literature on such methods in a recent posting in the NVIDIA developer forums. Instead one can use float computation, augmented by error compensating techniques, one of the oldest of which is the Kahan summation. Note that in various applications, full double-float arithmetic may not be necessary. x = tailĭblfloat mul_dblfloat (dblfloat x, dblfloat y) You can easily measure this yourself, in the context relevant to you, i.e. A reasonably conservative estimate may therefore be that double-float arithmetic performs at 1/20 the throughput of native float arithmetic. However, the instruction sequences for double-float operations also require temporary variables, which increases register pressure and can decrease occupancy. The addition requires around 20 float instructions. NVIDIA's double-double code supports the operations addition, subtraction, division, square root, and reciprocal square root.Īs you can see, the multiplication below requires 8 float instructions unary negation is absorbed into FMA. If you are a registered CUDA developer you can download double-double code from NVIDIA's developer website (log in at ) which is under BSD license, and rework it relatively quickly into double-float code. From previous analysis I believe the addition code given in the paper is correct, and that it avoids common pitfalls in faster but less accurate implementations (which lose accuracy when the magnitude of the operands is within a factor of two). For double-float addition code, I would point you to a paper by Andrew Thall as I do not have the time to code this up right now. I am showing a double-float multiplication below that takes full advantage of FMA (fused multiply-add) support on the GPU. You would want to inspect binary code with cuobjdump -dump-sass to get an accurate count.
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